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James Anderson Jr. posthumously receives the first Medal of Honor to be awarded to an African American U.S. Marine.
American tennis player Althea Gibson became the first African-American woman to compete at the U.S. National Championships.
Thurgood Marshall was confirmed as the first African-American Supreme Court justice.
Thurgood Marshall is confirmed as the first African American Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
At the Summer Olympics in Rome, Abebe Bikila becomes the first sub-Saharan African to win a gold medal, winning the marathon in bare feet.
An appeals court orders the University of Mississippi to admit James Meredith, the first African-American student admitted to the segregated university.
Fritz Pollard becomes the first African American to play professional football for a major team, the Akron Pros.
James Meredith becomes the first African American student to enroll at the University of Mississippi.
Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first African-American justice of the United States Supreme Court.
Thurgood Marshall was sworn in as the first African-American justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Benjamin O. Davis Sr. is named the first African American general in the United States Army.
Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. becomes the first African-American general in the United States Air Force.
John Willis Menard (R-LA) becomes the first African American elected to the United States Congress. Because of an electoral challenge, he is never seated.
Barack Obama becomes the first person of biracial or African-American descent to be elected as President of the United States.
Barack Obama (pictured) became the first person of biracial or African-American descent to be elected President of the United States.
Douglas Wilder wins the governor's seat in Virginia, becoming the first elected African American governor in the United States.
David Dinkins becomes the first African American to be elected Mayor of New York City.
Carl B. Stokes is elected as Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, becoming the first African American mayor of a major American city.
Former Massachusetts Attorney General Edward Brooke becomes the first African American elected to the United States Senate since Reconstruction.
Former Massachusetts attorney general Edward Brooke became the first African American elected to the United States Senate since Reconstruction.