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First Barbary War: USS Enterprise, an American schooner, captured the Tripolitan polacca Tripoli in a single-ship action off the coast of Libya.
American financier and presidential adviser Bernard Baruch first described the post–World War II tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States as a "cold war".
First World War: The British Royal Navy launched unsuccessful raids on Ostend and Zeebrugge in German-occupied Belgium.
First World War: The Australian and New Zealand Army Corps landed at Anzac Cove while British and French troops landed at Cape Helles to begin the Allied invasion of the Gallipoli peninsula in the Ott�
First World War: Britain, France and Russia signed a secret treaty promising territory to Italy if it joined the war on their side.
First World War: Germany repelled Britain's second attempt to blockade the Belgian port of Ostend.
Deep Blue defeated Garry Kasparov in six games to become the first chess computer to win a match against a world champion.
The Russian inventor Igor Sikorsky flew the self-designed Russky Vityaz, the world's first four-engine fixed-wing aircraft.
First World War: Australian and New Zealand troops repelled the third attack on Anzac Cove, inflicting heavy casualties on the attacking Ottoman forces.
Parks Canada, the world's first national park service, was established as the Dominion Parks Branch under the Department of the Interior.
Oxford University's Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, opened.
Joe Brown and George Band, members of the British Kangchenjunga expedition, made the first ascent of the world's third-highest mountain but deliberately did not set foot on the summit.
A socialist convention in Leeds, United Kingdom, called for an end to the First World War and the establishment of Workers' and Soldiers' Delegates across the country.
First World War: The British Army detonated 19 ammonal mines under German lines, killing perhaps 10,000 in the deadliest non-nuclear man-made explosion in history during the Battle of Messines.
World War II: The United States Army Air Forces began the first air raid of its strategic bombing campaign against the Japanese archipelago, although little damage was caused.
American Civil War: The Battle of Vienna, Virginia, took place, which involved one of the world's first military movements of troops by train.
Second World War: The British Army carried out Operation Collar, its first commando raid into German-occupied France.
More than an estimated 400 million people viewed Our World, the first live international satellite television production.
First World War: Around 55,000 workers in Berlin went on strike to protest against the trial of anti-war campaigner Karl Liebknecht.
The Grand Junction Railway, the world's first long-distance railway with steam traction, opened between Birmingham and Newton Junction.