Explore 46 historical events from 1220–1229.
The Mongol Empire invaded and conquered much of the Kievan Rus' in the mid-13th century, sacking numerous cities such as Ryazan, Yaroslavl, Pereyaslavl and Vladimir, including the …
Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus': Mongol forces defeated a Kievan Rus' army at the Battle of the Kalka River in present-da
The Battle of the Kalka River was fought between the Mongol Empire, whose armies were led by Jebe and Subutai, and a coalition of several Rus' principalities, including Kiev and Ga…
Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat Kievan Rus
Isabella II, sometimes called Isabella of Brienne and erroneously Yolanda, was the queen of Jerusalem who reigned from 1212 to 1228. She was the daughter and successor of Maria of …
Queen Isabella II of Jerusalem (born 1212)
Conrad, a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was the only son of Emperor Frederick II from his second marriage with Queen Isabella II of Jerusalem. He inherited the title of King …
Conrad IV of Germany (died 1254)
Rikissa of Denmark was Queen of Sweden as the wife of King Erik Knutsson, and the mother of King Erik Eriksson.
Rikissa of Denmark, queen of Sweden
Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky was Prince of Novgorod and Grand Prince of Vladimir (1252–1263).
Alexander Nevsky, Russian prince and saint (died 1263)
Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford of Pleshey Castle in Essex, was an Anglo-Norman nobleman who became Hereditary Constable of England from 1199.
Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (born 1176)
Hōjō Yoshitoki was the second Hōjō shikken (regent) of the Kamakura shogunate and head of the Hōjō clan. He was the second son of Hōjō Tokimasa. He was shikken from the abdication…
Hōjō Yoshitoki, regent of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan (born 1163)
Pope Honorius III, born Cencio Savelli, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 July 1216 to his death. A canon at the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggior…
Pope Honorius III issues the bull Vineae Domini custodes in which he approves the mission of Dominican friars to Morocco
Stephen Langton was an English cardinal of the Catholic Church and Archbishop of Canterbury from 1207 until his death in 1228. The dispute between King John of England and Pope Inn…
Stephen Langton, English cardinal and theologian (born 1150)
The Battle of Portopí was an open field military conflict between the Almohad troops that occupied the island of Majorca and the Christian army led by King James I the Conqueror wi…
Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Mallorca, with…
Ögedei Khan was the second khan of the Mongol Empire. The third son of Genghis Khan, he continued the expansion of the empire that his father had begun.
Ögedei Khan is proclaimed Khagan of the Mongol Empire in Kodoe Aral, Khentii: Mongolia.
Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, known as Francis of Assisi, was an Italian mystic, poet and Catholic friar who founded the religious order of the Franciscans. Inspired to lead a …
Saint Francis of Assisi was canonized.
Frederick II was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220, and King of Jerusalem from 1225 to 1228. He was the son of Emp…
Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II lands in Acre, Israel, and starts the Sixth Crusade, which results in a peaceful…
Conrad, a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was the only son of Emperor Frederick II from his second marriage with Queen Isabella II of Jerusalem. He inherited the title of King …
Conrad IV of Germany (died 1254)
Isabella II, sometimes called Isabella of Brienne and erroneously Yolanda, was the queen of Jerusalem who reigned from 1212 to 1228. She was the daughter and successor of Maria of …
Queen Isabella II of Jerusalem (born 1212)
Stephen Langton was an English cardinal of the Catholic Church and Archbishop of Canterbury from 1207 until his death in 1228. The dispute between King John of England and Pope Inn…
Stephen Langton, English cardinal and theologian (born 1150)
Stefan Nemanjić, known as Stefan the First-Crowned, was the Grand Prince of Serbia from 1196 and the King of Serbia from 1217 until his death in 1228. He was the first Serbian king…
Stefan the First-Crowned, Serbian king (born 1165)
Valdemar II Valdemarsen, later remembered as Valdemar the Victorious and Valdemar the Conqueror, was King of Denmark from 1202 until his death in 1241.
A coalition of north-east German towns, counts and princes defeats king Valdemar II of Denmark in the battle of…
Frederick II was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220, and King of Jerusalem from 1225 to 1228. He was the son of Emp…
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades…
Pope Nicholas IV was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 22 February 1288 to his death, on 4 April 1292. He was the first Franciscan to be elected pope.
Pope Nicholas IV (died 1292)
Qiu Chuji, courtesy name Tongmi (通密), also known by his Taoist name Master Changchun, was a renowned Taoist master from late Southern Song/Jin dynasty and a famous disciple of Wang…
Qiu Chuji, Chinese religious leader, founded the Dragon Gate Taoism (born 1148)
Shimazu Tadahisa was the founder of the Shimazu samurai clan.
Shimazu Tadahisa, Japanese warlord (born 1179)
Abu Muhammad ʿAbdallah 'al-ʿAdil' was an Almohad Caliph, a former governor in al-Andalus who challenged and secured the murder of his predecessor, Abd al-Wahid I. His 1224 coup ush…
Caliph al-Adil of Morocco
The Catholic Church, also called the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with an estimated 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members worldwide as of 2026. It consis…
The first recorded instance of the Catholic practice of perpetual Eucharistic adoration formally begins in Avignon,…
Bolesław V the Chaste was Duke of Sandomierz in Lesser Poland from 1232 and High Duke of Poland from 1243 until his death, as the last male representative of the Lesser Polish bran…
Bolesław V the Chaste of Poland (died 1279)
Pandulf Verraccio, whose first name may also be spelled Pandolph or Pandulph, was a Roman ecclesiastical politician, papal legate to England and bishop of Norwich.
Pandulf Verraccio, Roman ecclesiastical politician
Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, known as Francis of Assisi, was an Italian mystic, poet and Catholic friar who founded the religious order of the Franciscans.
Francis of Assisi, Italian friar and saint (born 1181 or 1182)
Hōjō Masako was a Japanese female samurai (onna-musha) and politician who exercised significant power in the early years of the Kamakura period, which was reflected by her contemp…
Hōjō Masako, Japanese regent and onna-bugeisha (born 1156)
Arnaud Amalric, also known as Arnaud Amaury, was a Cistercian abbot who played a prominent role in the Albigensian Crusade. It is purported that prior to the massacre of Béziers, A…
Arnaud Amalric, Papal legate who allegedly promoted mass murder
Pope Honorius III, born Cencio Savelli, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 July 1216 to his death. A canon at the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggior…
Pope Honorius III issues the bull Vineae Domini custodes in which he approves the mission of Dominican friars to Morocco
Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn al-Hasan al-Mustaḍīʾ, better known by his laqab al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh or simply as al-Nasir, was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1180 until his death. Hi…
Al-Nasir, Abbasid caliph (born 1158)
Jien was a Japanese poet, historian, and Buddhist monk.
Jien, Japanese monk, historian, and poet (born 1155)
Gotland, also historically spelled Gottland or Gothland, is Sweden's largest island. It is also a province/county, municipality, and diocese. The province includes the islands of F…
Saint Mary's Church on Gotland, later to become Visby Cathedral (pictured), was consecrated.