Explore 147 historical events from 1530–1539.
A sun dog or mock sun, also called a parhelion in atmospheric science, is an atmospheric optical phenomenon that consists of a bright spot to one or both sides of the Sun. Two sun …
Sun dogs were observed over Stockholm, Sweden, inspiring Vädersolstavlan, the oldest coloured depiction of the city
Jan Łaski was a Polish nobleman, Grand Chancellor of the Crown (1503–10), diplomat, from 1490 secretary to Poland's King Casimir IV Jagiellon and from 1508 coadjutor to the Archbis…
Jan Łaski, Polish archbishop and diplomat (born 1456)
Sir Thomas Lucy was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1571 and 1585. He was a magistrate in Warwickshire, but is best known for his links to William Shakespe…
Thomas Lucy, English politician (died 1600)
Anne Boleyn was Queen of England from 1533 to 1536, as the second wife of King Henry VIII. The circumstances of her marriage and execution, by beheading for treason, made her a key…
Anne Boleyn, Queen of England (1533–1536); second wife of Henry VIII of England
Dom João Manuel, Hereditary Prince of Portugal was a Portuguese infante (prince), the eighth child of King John III of Portugal and Catherine of Austria, daughter of Philip I of Ca…
João Manuel, Prince of Portugal (died 1554)
Anne Boleyn was Queen of England from 1533 to 1536, as the second wife of King Henry VIII. The circumstances of her marriage and execution, by beheading for treason, made her a key…
Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII of England, is beheaded for adultery, treason, and incest
Anne Boleyn was Queen of England from 1533 to 1536, as the second wife of King Henry VIII. The circumstances of her marriage and execution, by beheading for treason, made her a key…
Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and imprisoned on charges of adultery, incest, treason and witchcraft
Isabella of Portugal was the empress consort of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Spain, Archduke of Austria, and Duke of Burgundy. She was Queen of Spain and Germany, and Lad…
Isabella of Portugal (born 1503)
Guglielmo Gonzaga was Duke of Mantua from 1550 to 1587, and of Montferrat from 1574 to 1587. He was the second son of Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Margaret Palaeologina …
Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (died 1587)
William the Silent or William the Taciturn, more commonly known in the Netherlands as William of Orange, was the leader of the Dutch revolt against the Spanish Habsburgs that set o…
William I of Orange, founding father of the Netherlands (died 1584)
Hernando de Soto was a Spanish explorer and conquistador, who was involved in expeditions in Nicaragua and the Yucatan Peninsula. He played an important role in Francisco Pizarro's…
Hernando de Soto claims Florida for Spain
The Sur Empire was an empire ruled by the Afghan-origin Sur dynasty in northern India for nearly 16 or 18 years, between 1538/1540 and 1556, with Sasaram serving as its capital. It…
Afghan Sur forces under Sher Shah Suri defeat a Mughal army under Humayun in the battle of Chausa
Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford, 1st Baron Beauchamp, KG, of Wulfhall and Totnam Lodge in Great Bedwyn, Wiltshire, of Hatch Beauchamp in Somerset, of Netley Abbey, Hampshire, …
Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford (died 1621)
The Treaty of Frankfurt, also known as the Truce of Frankfurt, was a formal agreement of peace between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Protestants on 19 April 1539. The parties m…
The Treaty of Frankfurt between Protestants and the Holy Roman Emperor is signed
Bogotá is the capital and largest city of Colombia. The city is administered as the Capital District, as well as the capital of, though not politically part of, the surrounding dep…
Official founding of the city of Bogotá, New Granada (nowadays Colombia), by Nikolaus Federmann and Sebastián de Belalcá
Florida is a state in the Southeastern and South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia to the north, t…
In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal of finding gold
The Council of Trent, held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent, in northern Italy, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation at the …
Council of Trent: Pope Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bis
Jost Amman was a Swiss-German artist, celebrated chiefly for his woodcuts, done mainly for book illustrations.
Jost Amman, Swiss printmaker (died 1591)
George the Bearded was Duke of Saxony from 1500 to 1539 and was known for his strong opposition to the Reformation. While the Ernestine line accepted Lutheranism, the Albertines, l…
George, Duke of Saxony (born 1471)
Isabella of Portugal was the empress consort of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Spain, Archduke of Austria, and Duke of Burgundy. She was Queen of Spain and Germany, and Lad…
Isabella of Portugal (born 1503)
Anthony Maria Zaccaria, CRSP was an Italian Catholic priest and early leader of the Counter-Reformation. He was the founder of the Barnabites and a promoter of devotion to the Pass…
Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Italian saint (born 1502)
John Stokesley was an English clergyman who was Bishop of London during the reign of Henry VIII.
John Stokesley, English bishop (born 1475)
Ottaviano Petrucci was an Italian printer. His Harmonice Musices Odhecaton, a collection of chansons printed in 1501, is commonly misidentified as the first book of sheet music pri…
Ottaviano Petrucci, Italian printer (born 1466)
Guglielmo Gonzaga was Duke of Mantua from 1550 to 1587, and of Montferrat from 1574 to 1587. He was the second son of Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Margaret Palaeologina …
Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (died 1587)
Gian Paolo Lomazzo was an Italian artist and writer on art. Praised as a painter, Lomazzo wrote about artistic practice and art theory after blindness compelled him to pursue a dif…
Gian Paolo Lomazzo, Italian painter and academic (died 1600)
Alberto Bolognetti (1538–1585) was an Italian law professor, bishop, diplomat, and cardinal. He was appointed by Pope Gregory XIII as a papal nuncio to Florence, Venice, and the P…
Alberto Bolognetti, Roman Catholic cardinal (died 1585)
Edward Foxe was an English churchman, Bishop of Hereford. He played a major role in Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon, and he assisted in drafting the Ten Articles of 1…
Edward Foxe, English bishop and academic (born 1496)
John Forest was an English Franciscan friar and martyr. Confessor to Catherine of Aragon, Forest was burned to death at Smithfield for "heresy", in that he refused to acknowledge t…
John Forest, English friar and martyr (born 1471)
Geneva is the second-most populous city in Switzerland and the most populous in French-speaking Romandy. Situated in the southwest of the country, where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva…
Geneva expels John Calvin and his followers from the city
Guayaquil, officially Santiago de Guayaquil, is the largest city in Ecuador and also the nation's economic capital and main port. The city is the capital of Guayas Province and the…
The city of Guayaquil is founded by the Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Orellana and given the name Muy Noble y Muy…
Bogotá is the capital and largest city of Colombia. The city is administered as the Capital District, as well as the capital of, though not politically part of, the surrounding dep…
Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
Charles II was a member of the House of Egmond who ruled as Duke of Guelders and Count of Zutphen from 1492 until his death. He had a principal role in the Frisian peasant rebellio…
Charles II, Duke of Guelders (born 1467)
Diego de Almagro, also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo, was a Spanish conquistador known for his exploits and killings in western South America. He participated with Francisco …
Diego de Almagro, Spanish general and explorer (born 1475)
Count Henry III of Nassau-Dillenburg-Dietz, Lord of Breda, Lord of the Lek, of Dietz, etc. was a count of the House of Nassau.
Henry III of Nassau-Breda (born 1483)