The 1530s

1536 490 years ago

Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire: Sapa Inca emperor Manco Inca Yupanqui's army began a ten-month siege of Cusco

The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, also known as the Conquest of Peru, was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of pre…

Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire: Sapa Inca emperor Manco Inca Yupanqui's army began a ten-month siege of Cusco

1536 490 years ago

Jane Seymour, a former lady-in-waiting, married King Henry VIII, becoming the queen consort of England

Jane Seymour was Queen of England as the third wife of King Henry VIII from their marriage on 30 May 1536 until her death the next year. She became queen following the execution of…

Jane Seymour, a former lady-in-waiting, married King Henry VIII, becoming the queen consort of England

1535

The Anabaptist state of Münster is conquered and disbanded

Anabaptism is a Christian movement which traces its origins to the Radical Reformation in the 16th century. Anabaptists believe that baptism is valid only when candidates freely co…

The Anabaptist state of Münster is conquered and disbanded

1535

French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships, 110 men, and Chief Don

Jacques Cartier was a French maritime explorer from Brittany. Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawr…

French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships, 110 men, and Chief Don

1535

Combined forces loyal to Charles V attack and expel the Ottomans from Tunis during the Conquest of Tunis

Charles V was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain from 1516 to 1556, King of Sicily and Naples from 1516 to 1554, and also Lord of the Nethe…

Combined forces loyal to Charles V attack and expel the Ottomans from Tunis during the Conquest of Tunis

1535

Diego de Almagro leaves the recently conquered Inca capital of Cuzco to lead an expedition to Chile.

Diego de Almagro, also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo, was a Spanish conquistador known for his exploits and killings in western South America. He participated with Francisco …

Diego de Almagro leaves the recently conquered Inca capital of Cuzco to lead an expedition to Chile.

1535

Alessandro Allori, Italian painter (died 1607)

Alessandro di Cristofano di Lorenzo del Bronzino Allori was an Italian painter of the late Mannerist Florentine school.

Alessandro Allori, Italian painter (died 1607)

1535

Pope Leo XI (died 1605)

Pope Leo XI, born Alessandro di Ottaviano de' Medici, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1 April 1605 to his death, on 27 April 1605. His pontificat…

Pope Leo XI (died 1605)

1535

Leonhard Rauwolf, German physician and botanist (died 1596)

Leonhard Rauwolf was a German physician, botanist, and traveller. His main notability arises from a trip he made through the Levant and Mesopotamia in 1573–75. The motive of the tr…

Leonhard Rauwolf, German physician and botanist (died 1596)

1535

Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal (died 1573)

Joanna of Austria was an Infanta of Spain by birth and Princess of Portugal by marriage to João Manuel, Prince of Portugal. She served as regent of Spain for her brother Philip II …

Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal (died 1573)

1535

Katarina Stenbock, queen of Gustav I of Sweden (died 1621)

Catherine Stenbock was Queen of Sweden from 1552 to 1560 as the third and last wife of King Gustav I.

Katarina Stenbock, queen of Gustav I of Sweden (died 1621)

1535

John Houghton, Carthusian monk and saint

John Houghton, OCart was a Catholic priest of the Carthusian order and the first martyr to die as a result of the Act of Supremacy by King Henry VIII of England. He was also the fi…

John Houghton, Carthusian monk and saint

1535

John Fisher, English bishop and saint (born 1469)

John Fisher was an English Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Rochester from 1504 to 1535 and as chancellor of the University of Cambridge. He is honoured as a martyr and sai…

John Fisher, English bishop and saint (born 1469)

1535

Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg (born 1484)

Joachim I Nestor was a Prince-elector of the Margraviate of Brandenburg (1499–1535), the fifth member of the House of Hohenzollern. His nickname was taken from King Nestor of Greek…

Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg (born 1484)

1535

Sun dogs were observed over Stockholm, Sweden, inspiring Vädersolstavlan, the oldest coloured depiction of the city

A sun dog or mock sun, also called a parhelion in atmospheric science, is an atmospheric optical phenomenon that consists of a bright spot to one or both sides of the Sun. Two sun …

Sun dogs were observed over Stockholm, Sweden, inspiring Vädersolstavlan, the oldest coloured depiction of the city

1535

García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete, Royal Governor of Chile (died 1609)

García Hurtado de Mendoza y Manrique, 5th Marquis of Cañete was a Spanish Governor of Chile, and later Viceroy of Peru. He is often known simply as "Marquis of Cañete". Belonging t…

García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete, Royal Governor of Chile (died 1609)

1535

Thomas More, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and martyr (born 1478)

Sir Thomas More, venerated in the Catholic Church as a martyr and saint, was an English lawyer, judge, social philosopher, author, statesman, theologian and Renaissance humanist. H…

Thomas More, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and martyr (born 1478)

1534

Jacques Cartier visits Newfoundland

Jacques Cartier was a French maritime explorer from Brittany. Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawr…

Jacques Cartier visits Newfoundland

1534

Jacques Cartier is the first European to describe and map the Saint Lawrence River

Jacques Cartier was a French maritime explorer from Brittany. Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawr…

Jacques Cartier is the first European to describe and map the Saint Lawrence River

1534

Jacques Cartier is the first European to reach Prince Edward Island

Jacques Cartier was a French maritime explorer from Brittany. Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawr…

Jacques Cartier is the first European to reach Prince Edward Island

1534

Christian III is elected King of Denmark and Norway in the town of Rye.

The election of Christian III as king of Denmark on 4 July 1534 was a landmark event for all of Denmark, and also had an effect on Norway's future relation with Denmark. It took pl…

Christian III is elected King of Denmark and Norway in the town of Rye.

1534

Jacques Cartier makes his first contact with aboriginal peoples in what is now Canada.

Jacques Cartier was a French maritime explorer from Brittany. Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawr…

Jacques Cartier makes his first contact with aboriginal peoples in what is now Canada.

1534

French explorer Jacques Cartier plants a cross on the Gaspé Peninsula and takes possession of the territory in the…

Jacques Cartier was a French maritime explorer from Brittany. Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawr…

French explorer Jacques Cartier plants a cross on the Gaspé Peninsula and takes possession of the territory in the…

1534

William Harrison, English clergyman (died 1593)

William Harrison was an English clergyman, whose Description of England was produced as part of the publishing venture of a group of London stationers who produced Raphael Holinshe…

William Harrison, English clergyman (died 1593)