Explore 238 historical events from 1640–1649.
The First English Civil War took place in England and Wales from 1642 to 1646, and forms part of the 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms. An estimated 15% to 20% of adult males…
First English Civil War: The combined forces of Scottish Covenanters and English Parliamentarians defeated Royalist…
The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldie…
Thirty Years' War: French forces under the duc d'Enghien decisively defeat Spanish forces at the Battle of Rocroi, marki
Charles I may refer to:
Royalists loyal to King Charles I led by the Earl of Newcastle defeat Parliamentarian troops commanded by Lord Fairfax i
Dom Afonso VI, known as "the Victorious", was the second king of Portugal of the House of Braganza from 1656 until his death. He was initially under the regency of his mother, Luis…
Afonso VI of Portugal (died 1683)
Jeremiah Dummer was a silversmith, painter, and engraver from the Thirteen Colonies. He created the first paper currency in the Connecticut Colony, and his son Jeremiah Dummer was …
Jeremiah Dummer, American silversmith (died 1718)
Gilbert Burnet was a Scottish philosopher and historian, and Bishop of Salisbury. He was fluent in Dutch, French, Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. Burnet was highly respected as a cleric,…
Gilbert Burnet, Scottish bishop, historian, and theologian (died 1715)
The Westminster Assembly of Divines was a council of divines (theologians) and members of the English Parliament appointed from 1643 to 1653 to restructure the Church of England. S…
The Westminster Assembly is convened by the Parliament of England, without the assent of Charles I, in order to restruct
The Westminster Assembly of Divines was a council of divines (theologians) and members of the English Parliament appointed from 1643 to 1653 to restructure the Church of England. S…
First meeting of the Westminster Assembly, a council of theologians ("divines") and members of the Parliament of…
The term Cavalier was first used to describe cavalrymen, and later by Roundheads as a term of abuse for the wealthier royalist supporters of Charles I of England and his son Charle…
The battle of Landsdowne results in severe losses for both the Royalist and Parliamentarian forces.
The English Civil War or Great Rebellion was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Royalists and Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England from 1642 to 1651. P…
English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down: In England, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist…
Bahadur Shah I or Shah Alam I, was the eighth Mughal emperor from 1707 to 1712. He was the second son of the sixth Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, who he conspired to overthrow in his yo…
Bahadur Shah I, Mughal emperor (died 1712)
Johann Christoph Demantius was a German composer, music theorist, writer and poet. He was an exact contemporary of Monteverdi, and represented a transitional phase in German Luther…
Christoph Demantius, German composer and poet (born 1567)
Francisco de Lucena was a Portuguese nobleman and King John IV's first Secretary of State, and the first after the Restoration War and end of the Iberian Union. He made many enemie…
Francisco de Lucena, Portuguese politician (born 1578)
Louis XIII was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown.
Louis XIII of France (born 1601)
Giovanni Picchi was an Italian composer, organist, lutenist, and harpsichordist of the early Baroque era. He was a late follower of the Venetian School, and was influential in the …
Giovanni Picchi, Italian organist and composer (born 1571)
The Dutch expedition to Valdivia was a naval expedition, commanded by Hendrik Brouwer, sent by the Dutch Republic in 1643 to establish a base of operations and a trading post on th…
A Dutch fleet establishes a new colony in the ruins of Valdivia in southern Chile.
The House of Commons of England was the lower house of the Parliament of England from its development in the 14th century to the union of England and Scotland in 1707, when it was …
The House of Commons of England accepts the Solemn League and Covenant, which promises religious reforms in England…
The Parliamentarians, commonly called Roundheads by their enemies and in modern historiography, were the supporters of the Parliament of England during the English Civil War (1642–…
A Parliamentarian cavalry force defeats a Royalist cavalry force in the battle of Winceby.
Stephanus van Cortlandt was the first native-born mayor of New York City, a position which he held from 1677 to 1678 and from 1686 to 1688. He was the patroon of van Cortlandt Mano…
Stephanus Van Cortlandt, American politician, 10th Mayor of New York City (died 1700)
Solomon Stoddard was the pastor of the First Church of Christ in Northampton, Massachusetts Bay Colony. He succeeded Rev. Eleazer Mather, and later married his widow around 1670. S…
Solomon Stoddard, American pastor and librarian (died 1729)
John Hampden was an English politician from Oxfordshire, who was killed fighting for Parliament in the First English Civil War. An ally of John Pym, and cousin of Oliver Cromwell, …
John Hampden, English politician (born 1595)
Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, also known as 'the Great Earl of Cork', was an English politician who served as Lord Treasurer of the Kingdom of Ireland.
Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, English-Irish politician, Lord High Treasurer of Ireland (born 1566)
Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland PC was an English writer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1642. He fought on the Royalist side in the English Civil Wa…
Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for England (born 1610)
Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull was an English nobleman who joined the Royalist side in the English Civil War after some delay and became lieutenant-general of th…
Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, English general and politician (born 1584)