Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention, establishing the rules of protection of the victims of armed conflicts.

The Geneva Convention (I) for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field, more commonly referred to as the First Geneva Convention or Geneva Convention I and abbreviated as GCI, is the first of the four treaties of the 1949 Geneva Conventions. Initially held on 22 August 1864, it defines "the basis on which rest the rules of international law for the protection of the victims of armed conflicts."