Leading Figures in History

Discover the people who shaped our world — from rulers and scientists to artists and activists.

39104 persons found

Rudolf Christian, Count of East Frisia

b. 1602

Count of East Frisia

Rudolf Clausius

German physicist and mathematician (1822–1888)

Rudolf Friedrich

b. 1923

Swiss lawyer and politician

Rudolf Hess

b. 1894

German Nazi politician (1894–1987)

Rudolf Höss

Nazi commandant of Auschwitz (1901–1947)

Rudolf I (bishop of Würzburg)

Bishop of Würzburg

Rudolf I of Bohemia

King of Bohemia from 1306 to 1307

Rudolf I of Germany

b. 1218

King of Germany from 1273 to 1291

Rudolf I, Count of Bregenz

Count of Bregenz

Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria

Duke of Upper Bavaria

Rudolf II, Count Palatine of the Rhine

b. 1306

Count Palatine of the Rhine

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor

b. 1552

Holy Roman Emperor from 1576 to 1612

Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria

Duke of Austria (1358–1365)

Rudolf Kempe

b. 1910

German conductor

Rudolf Kjellén

b. 1864

Swedish political scientist (1864–1922)

Rudolf Koller

b. 1828

19th-century Swiss painter

Rudolf Lipschitz

b. 1832

German mathematician (1832–1903)

Rudolf Schottlaender

b. 1900

German writer (1900–1988)

Rudolf Serkin

Bohemia-born American pianist (1903–1991)

Rudolf Tobias

b. 1873

Estonian composer

Rudolf Uhlenhaut

b. 1906

British-German engineer (1906–1989)

Rudolf von Jhering

b. 1818

German jurist (1818–1892)

Rudolf Wojtowicz

b. 1956

Polish footballer

Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria

b. 1858

Heir to the Austrian throne (1858–1889)