Explore 205 historical events from 1680–1689.
Stjepan Gradić, also known as Stefano Gradi was a polymath, philosopher, scientist and a patrician of the Republic of Ragusa.
Stjepan Gradić, Croatian philosopher and mathematician (born 1613)
Nikita Pustosvyat was one of the leaders of the Russian Old Believers during Raskol.
Nikita Pustosvyat, a leader of the Russian Old Believers, beheaded (born unknown)
François Eudes de Mézeray was a French historian.
François Eudes de Mézeray, French historian and author (born 1610)
Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, also spelt Capel, of Cassiobury House, Watford, Hertfordshire, was an English statesman.
Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (born 1631)
Maria Theresa of Spain was Queen of France from 1660 to 1683 as the wife of King Louis XIV. She was born an Infanta of Spain and Portugal as the daughter of King Philip IV and Elis…
Maria Theresa of Spain (born 1638)
Charles Hart was a prominent English Restoration actor.
Charles Hart, English actor (born 1625)
John Owen was an English Puritan Nonconformist church leader, theologian, and vice-chancellor of the University of Oxford. One of the most prominent theologians in England during h…
John Owen, English theologian and academic (born 1616)
Jean-Baptiste Colbert was a French statesman who served as First Minister of State from 1661 until his death in 1683 under the rule of King Louis XIV. His lasting impact on the org…
Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French economist and politician, French Controller-General of Finances (born 1619)
Dom Afonso VI, known as "the Victorious", was the second king of Portugal of the House of Braganza from 1656 until his death. He was initially under the regency of his mother, Luis…
Afonso VI of Portugal (born 1643)
John Hull was an English-born merchant, silversmith, slave trader, and politician, who spent the majority of his life in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. After arriving in North Ameri…
John Hull, colonial American merchant and politician (born 1624)
Sir William Scroggs was Lord Chief Justice of England from 1678 to 1681. He is best remembered for presiding over the Popish Plot trials, where he was accused of showing bias again…
William Scroggs, English judge and politician, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales (born 1623)
The University of Oxford is a collegiate research university in Oxford, England. There is evidence of teaching as early as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-spea…
Oxford University's Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, opened
Louis XIV was King of France from 14 May 1643 until his death in 1715. He is a symbol of the Age of Absolutism in Europe for styling himself as "The Sun King", which portrayed him …
Louis XIV of France moves his court to the Palace of Versailles
The Bishop Gore School is a secondary school in Swansea in Wales, founded on 14 September 1682 by Hugh Gore (1613–1691), Bishop of Waterford and Lismore. It is situated in Sketty, …
Bishop Gore School, one of the oldest schools in Wales, is founded.
John Hadley was an English mathematician, and laid claim to the invention of the octant, two years after Thomas Godfrey claimed the same.
John Hadley, English mathematician, invented the octant (died 1744)
Bartholomew Roberts, born John Roberts, was a Welsh pirate who was, measured by vessels captured, the most successful pirate of the Golden Age of Piracy. During his piratical caree…
Bartholomew Roberts, Welsh pirate (died 1722)
William Penn was an English writer, theologian, religious thinker, and influential Quaker who founded the Province of Pennsylvania. An advocate of democracy and religious freedom, …
William Penn receives the area that is now the state of Delaware, and adds it to his colony of Pennsylvania.
Philadelphia, colloquially referred to as Philly, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the sixth-most populous city in the United States. Its population …
Philadelphia is founded in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Charles XII, sometimes Carl XII or Carolus Rex, was King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach.…
Charles XII, Swedish king (died 1718)
Roger Cotes was an English mathematician, known for working closely with Isaac Newton by proofreading the second edition of his famous book, the Principia, before publication. He a…
Roger Cotes, English mathematician and astronomer (died 1716)
Louis, Dauphin of France, Duke of Burgundy, was the eldest son of Louis, Grand Dauphin, and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria and grandson of the reigning French king, Louis XIV. He i…
Louis, Duke of Burgundy (died 1712)
Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix, S.J. was a French Jesuit priest, traveller, and historian, often considered the first historian of New France.
Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix, French historian, explorer, and author (died 1761)
Feodor III or Fyodor III Alekseyevich was Tsar of all Russia from 1676 until his death in 1682. Despite poor health from childhood, he managed to pass reforms on improving meritocr…
Feodor III of Russia (born 1661)
Jean Picard was a French priest, astronomer and pioneer in geodesy, born in La Flèche, where he studied at the Collège royal Henri le Grand. He is best known for accurately measuri…
Jean Picard, French priest and astronomer (born 1620)